Loss of cardiorespiratory fitness

The cardiorespiratory fitness of stroke survivors is low, with peak oxygen consumption (VO₂ peak) values ranging from 26 to 87% of those of healthy age- and gender-matched individuals. This is an issue as everyday physical activities are often undertaken at light or moderate intensities.

For people with stroke, these VO₂ requirements approach or reach their maximum capacities, whereas healthy people can perform activities of daily living comfortably, with fitness reserve to spare. Consequently, low levels of fitness can make undertaking many everyday activities difficult to sustain for any length of time, and more physically demanding activities almost impossible. Low levels of cardiorespiratory fitness can increase the risk of recurrent stroke and other cardiometabolic diseases.

After stroke, the regaining of physical function to support independent living is often prioritised in therapy, with little or no focus on training cardiorespiratory fitness. Clinicians may have limited knowledge and experience in prescribing fitness programs for the diverse stroke population they manage. Inpatient therapy sessions are often below the intensity and duration recommended for providing a cardiovascular challenge.

For current research and evidence-based recommendations see our Clinical Guidelines.